On the premise of bht information from oil wells it. Subsequently, some of these sedimentary rock layers experienced lead and zinc mineralization. The country has an approximate surface area of about 924,000 square kilometers comprising thirty six 36 provincial states with the federal capital territorial fct at abuja. The oldest sediments in the western dahomey basin ise formation consist of a.
Introduction the dynamics of sedimentary basins the. Earths crust, of tectonic origin, in which sediments accumulate. Radiogenic heat production from well logs in part of niger. Nigeria is underlain by seven major sedimenta ry basins, viz. Part 3 takes the mineral resources of nigeria one on one, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities and where possible the reserves estimation. Sedimentary basins of northern nigeria comprise the middle and upper benue trough, the southeastern sector of the. Jul 09, 2009 contains details on the geological units of nigeria and the associated mineral resources. Geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects of. The basement complex and the sedimentary basins are equally dispersed in nigeria, with basement most extensive in the sedimentary basins occupy the central xshaped area in the country. The sedimentary rocks lie on the shield in broad, shallow a maximum of five km thick basins to the north and in narrow, deeper a maximum of 12. Modeling of magnetic anomaly zones in sokoto basin, nigeria. Oil and gas search and digging water wells, are s to obtain information regarding fantastic way. Apr 30, 2009 the basin is a gently downwarped trough whose genesis may be closely connected with the santonian orogenic movements of southeastern nigeria and the benue valley, nearby.
Sedimentary rocks and sedimentary basins reading stanley, s. Sedimentary basins in nigeria have been explored for hydrocarbons for several decades, thus the oil companies collected large subsurface temperature data basis. The study area is located in ne of nigeria in chad basin fig. The romanche apparently an offset extension of the ghana ridge and chain supposedly an offset extension of the. Distribution of sedimentary formations in the bornu basin. They are known to occur in diverse environments including intracratonic, passive margin, backarc, island arc, rift and continental collisional environments. The romanche apparently an offset extension of the ghana ridge and chain supposedly an offset extension of the benin hinge line fractures zones delimited the dahomey embayment which was formed during. More than 50 complexes occur in nigeria obaje, 2009. The benin dahomey basin is one of the sedimentary basins located in the gulf of guinea oil province and straddles through four major countries, namely, ghana, the republic of benin, the federal republic of nigeria and the republic of togo figure 1. Sedimentary basinsnigeria is underlain by seven major sedimentary basins, viz. Abstract the radiogenic heat produced from radioactive elements has been investigated in some parts of niger delta sedimentary basin. Although a tripartite subdivision is also applicable to the niger delta, this sequence has been growing seaward with lower marine shales grading through thick ancient coastal.
Other basins located in the gulf of guinea are ivory coast, tano, salt pond, central and keta figure 1. Earth systems history on ecampus sedimentary rocks intro origin of sedimentary rocks clastic rocks carbonate sedimentary rocks interpreting sedimentary rocks environment of deposition. Research was concentrated mainly on geothermal conditions within sokoto and nigerian part of chad sedimentary basins. Sediment thicknesses of up to 8 km have been recorded in some of these basins within the trough. Republic and togo and is part of what we call the west africa margin. The basin is a nwse trending embayment, perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin fig. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george. The niger delta basin, also referred to as the niger delta province, is an extensional rift basin located in the niger delta and the gulf of guinea on the passive continental margin near the western coast of nigeria with suspected or proven access to cameroon, equatorial guinea and sao tome and principe. Depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic study in parts. Pdf stratigraphy, paleogeography and hydrocarbon resource. Whereas low magnetic values are usually from sedimentary rocks or altered basement rocks. The bida basin, which is one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria, is oriented in the northwest southeastern direction and perpendicular to the main axis of the benue trough and the niger delta basin of nigeria fig. Chad basin, sokoto basin, bida or mid niger basin, anambra basin, dahomey basin, niger delta basin and benue trough upper, middle and lower all are mainly distributed majorly on the inland, while dahomey and niger delta basin are both offshore figure 2. The tanocape three points basin is a cretaceous wrench modified pullapart basin.
The sedimentary thickness of the sokoto basin in general, appears to increases from south to north. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria geology. It is frequently regarded as the northwestern extension of the anambra basin to the southeast. Paleocurrent analysis of the sandstone body in akpoha and its. Basement geology in the sedimentary basins of nigeria. Pdf geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects of. Palynofacies studies of sedimentary succession in ogbabu1. The digital data were imported to the oasis montaj to generate bouguer anomaly map and the residual gravity map. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental crust except in the niger delta, where the basement rock is interpreted to be oceanic crust. Geology and petroleum potentials of nigeria sedimentary basins introduction the federal republic of nigeria has a teeming population of over million people.
In general, high magnetic values arise from igneous and crystalline basement rocks. But not much is known about geothermal conditions within nigerian precambrian crystalline province. Within the coaly interval by hydrocarbon prospects of sedimentary basins in northern nigeria 233 nasara1 1. The core producing areas cover some 60% of the total acreage of about 31,105 sq. Doc geology of nigeria vincent kalu and stanless pee. Pdf an overview of the geology and hydrogeology of nigeria. Sedimentary basins in nigeria have been investigated for hydrocarbons for a few decades, subsequently the oil organizations gathered substantial subsurface temperature information premise. It is a shallow, linear depression with sedimentary fill of about 3,000 m thick udensi and osazuwa, 2004. A sedimentary basin represents a unit of geological structure, which is filled up with. The rock types include shales, sandstones, conglomerates, and limestones, which were originally deposited in vast lakes, deltas, and shallow seas. The residual data were divided in to 20 blocks of equal size and of. Map of the study area in the umuahiabende district of abia state in southeastern nigeria, showing the locations of outcrop sections. Inset shows the locations of the sub basins that comprise the general area referred to as the southern nigeria sedimentary basin, in addition to the basins in northern nigeria. Although a tripartite subdivision is also applicable to the niger delta, this sequence has been.
It has 1831 observed gravity stations with an interval of 500 m. Palynofacies studies of sedimentary succession in ogbabu1 well was carried out on ninety 90 ditch cutting samples retrieved from ogbabu1 well in anambra basin, lower benue trough, nigeria with the aim of giving a detailed palynofacies study of the ogbabu1 well, anambra basin using sedimentology and palynology as geologic tools. Sedimentary basins the cretaceous to recent basins in nigeria. General geological map showing main sedimentary basins of nigeria, selected growth. Four major structural domains in southeastern nigeria sedimentary after short and stauble, 1967 the anambra basin was formed following the santonian tectonic pulse on a sub basin formed by the differential subsidence of the fault block in the southern. Lithofacies, palynofacies, and sequence stratigraphy of. The anambrabasininthe westof the lowerregionismore recentthanthe restof the trough,being formedduringa laterperiodof compression. An older and a younger group of sedimentary basins can be distinguished in. Anambra basin, the first area where intensive oil exploration was carried out in nigeria, has about 12,000 metre of sedimentary rocks which accumulated in its thickest part since the european journal of basic and applied sciences vol. Basement aquifers consist of crystalline and coarsegrained rocks and argillaceous meta. Nigeria is a democratic nation endowed with abundant. The niger delta basin is one of the largest subaerial basins in africa. Since the discovery of petroleum resources in the niger delta in the late. Tectonics is needed to make sedimentary basins, but the record of the basin itself is sedimentary.
Other minor formations are the volcanic plateau and the river alluvium. The southeastern part of the ba sin, known as the bornu basin in nigeria, which is about onetenth of the total megachad basin, joins the benue trough fig. Basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin extending from kontagora in niger state of nigeria to areas slightly beyond lokoja in the south figure 2. Sedimentary basins with nigeria are actually investigated pertaining to hydrocarbons for a lot of ages, hence the particular acrylic corporations possess huge package involving subsurface temperatures data.
The study area is opl 803806809 in the gongola basin. One of such sedimentary basins in which this type of model has been applied is the united states coast of gulf of mexico which shows much similarity to the niger delta. Seismic velocity model for sedimentary niger delta, nigeria. Dec 01, 2009 the northwest southeastern trending bida basin forms one of the major inland sedimentary basins in nigeria fig. Large sedimentary basins formed in southern nigeria, divided by the okitipupa ridge. Sedimentary succes sions in these basins are of middle mesozoic to recent age. The bida basin is a nwse trending intracratonic sedimentary basin in nigeria extending from kontagora in the. Sedimentology and depositional environments of the. We have about half a dozen sedimentary basins in nigeria.
The southern nigeria sedimentary basin includes the lagososse and the niger delta basins that are separated by the benin hinge line the okitipupa ridge. Anyhow very little is thought about geothermal conditions inside nigerian precambrian crystalline region. Earth systems history on ecampus sedimentary rocks intro origin of sedimentary rocks clastic rocks carbonate sedimentary rocks interpreting sedimentary rocks. Other basins located in the gulf of guinea are ivory coast, tano, salt pond, central and keta. The nigeria sedimentary basin is divided into seven 7 namely. The basin is the eastern extension of the cote divoireghana basin and formed as a result of transtensional movement during the separation of africa and south america. The development of the coastal basins of nigeria is examined in terms of a. Most of the wells that penetrated the basement are in the eastern dahomey embayment of western nigeria. The major aquifers in nigeria are basement aquifers, sedimentary basins, volcanic plateau, and river alluvium.
Oct 01, 2015 the basin straddles five countries, namely, nigeria, niger, chad republic, cameroon and central africa republic. Depositional facies and sequence stratigraphic study in. Pdf distribution of sedimentary formations in the bornu. The mesozoic younger granite ring complexes of nigeria form part of a wider province of alkaline anorogenic magmatism extending from northern niger republic to south central nigeria. A sedimentary basin can be made just by erecting high land in an adjacent area by volcanism. Heavy minerals and geochemical characteristics of sandstones as indices of provenance and source area tectonics of the ogwashiasaba formation, niger delta basin. The formation of sedimentary basins is ultimately controlled by topography that defines the surface depressions that receive the sediments, the elevated regions that provide sediment sources, and the topographic and bathymetric gradients that transport sediments from source to basin. Geology of nigeria sedimentary series in 7 basins niger delta, dahomey, anambra, bida, benue related to the opening of the gulf of the guinea. Part 1 discusses the geology of the crystalline rocks and their regional distribution while the sedimentary basins constitute the subject of part 2. Pdf geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects. Sokoto and chad basins are part of larger basins outside nigeria. The dahomey benin embayment is part of a system of west african pericratonic margin sag basin 14, covering much of the continental margin of the gulf of guinea, extending from voltadelta in ghana on the west to the okitipupa ridge in nigeria on the east figure 1.
The niger delta basin is one of the largest subaerial basins. Geochemical evaluation of the hydrocarbon prospects. Hydrocarbon prospect of nigeria s gongola basin based on gravity data interpretation. Dahomey basin geologically stretches from ondo all the way down to benin. One or more tectono sedimentary episodes defining single. Groundwater potential assessment in a sedimentary terrain. Part 3 presents the mineral resources of nigeria, their geological environment, mode of occurrence, localities and where possible their estimated reserves. The basins did not begin to fill with sediment until the albian age of the cretaceous. A maximum thickness of about 12,000 m of sedimentary rocks is attained in the offshore western niger delta, but maximum thicknesses of sedimentary rocks are about 2,000 m in the chad basin and only 500 m in the sokoto embayment. It is bounded by the saltpond basin in the east and the st. Modelling the subsurface velocity structure of the niger delta basin applying the. Some exploration campaigns have been undertaken in sedimentary basins of northern nigeria with the aim to expanding the national exploration and production base and to thereby add to the proven reserves asset. Geology and mineral resources of nigeria nuhu george obaje.
The heat production was computed from gamma ray logs for three oil producing wells. Hydrocarbon prospect of nigerias gongola basin based on. Subsequently, some of these sedimentary rock layers experienced. In the southeast, poorly bedded sandy shale alternates with layers of sandstone and sandy limestone, containing ammonite, radiolarian, echinoid and gastropod fossils. The three sedimentary basins in nigeria are underlain by continental crust except in the niger delta, where the basement rock is interpreted to. The continental sediments of the nigerian coastal basins.
Euler deconvolution, spi and spectral depth analysis were employed in this study to determine the sedimentary thickness of the area for hydrocarbon potential. Sedimentary basins of northern nigeria comprise the. Sedimentary basins the cretaceous to recent basins in nigeria include. A maximum thickness of about 12,000 m of sedimentary rocks is attained in the offshore western niger delta, but maximum thicknesses of sedimentary rocks are about 2,000 m in the chad basin. The outlying areas remain a significant asset yet to be exploited. Exploration for geothermal energy in northern nigeria based on shallow water wells down to 500 m deep was carried out over 20 years ago. In nigeria, the dominant type of basement rock intersected by wells drilled for hydrocarbons, limestone, or water is granite. Intensive exploration activities are ongoing in nigerias. In summary sedimentary basins known to occur throughout the earths history and provide information on the evolution of continents. Four major structural domains in southeastern nigeria sedimentary after short and stauble, 1967 the anambra basin was formed following the santonian tectonic pulse on a sub basin formed by the differential subsidence of the fault block in the southern benue trough. Basement, younger granites, and sedimentary basins modified after obaje 2009. Introduction the federal republic of nigeria has a teeming population of over million people. Interpretation of high resolution aeromagnetic data to. It is delimited in the northeast and southwest by the basement complex while it merges with anambra and sokoto basins in sedimentary fill comprising post.
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